Easy Money I'm The Man

Money Mules

Don't Be a Mule: Awareness Can Prevent Crime

What Is a Money Mule?

A money mule is someone who transfers or moves illegally acquired money on behalf of someone else.

Criminals recruit money mules to help launder proceeds derived from online scams and frauds or crimes like human trafficking and drug trafficking. Money mules add layers of distance between crime victims and criminals, which makes it harder for law enforcement to accurately trace money trails.

Money mules can move funds in various ways, including through bank accounts, cashier's checks, virtual currency, prepaid debit cards, or money service businesses.

Some money mules know they are supporting criminal enterprises; others are unaware that they are helping criminals profit.

Money mules often receive a commission for their service, or they might provide assistance because they believe they have a trusting or romantic relationship with the individual who is asking for help.

If you are moving money at the direction of another person, you may be serving as a money mule.

What Are the Consequences?

Acting as a money mule is illegal and punishable, even if you aren't aware you're committing a crime.

If you are a money mule, you could be prosecuted and incarcerated as part of a criminal money laundering conspiracy. Some of the federal charges you could face include mail fraud, wire fraud, bank fraud, money laundering, and aggravated identity theft.

Serving as a money mule can also damage your credit and financial standing. Additionally, you risk having your own personally identifiable information stolen and used by the criminals you are working for, and you may be held personally liable for repaying money lost by victims.

Who Is at Risk?

Criminals often target students, those looking for work, or those on dating websites, but anyone can be approached to be a money mule.

What Are the Signs?

Work-from-Home Job Opportunities

You received an unsolicited email or social media message that promises easy money for little or no effort.
The "employer" you communicate with uses web-based email services (such as Gmail, Yahoo, Hotmail, Outlook, etc.).
You are asked to open a bank account in your own name or in the name of a company you form to receive and transfer money.
As an employee, you are asked to receive funds in your bank account and then "process" or "transfer" funds via: wire transfer, ACH, mail, or money service business (such as Western Union or MoneyGram).
You are allowed to keep a portion of the money you transfer.
Your duties have no specific job description.

Dating and Social Media Sites

An online contact or companion, whom you have never met in person, asks you to receive money and then forward these funds to one or more individuals you do not know.

Protect Yourself

Perform online searches to check the legitimacy of any company that offers you a job.
Do not accept any job offers that ask you to use your own bank account to transfer money. A legitimate company will not ask you to do this.
Be wary if an employer asks you to form a company to open up a new bank account.
Be suspicious if an individual you met on a dating website wants to use your bank account for receiving and forwarding money.
Never give your financial details to someone you don't know and trust, especially if you met them online.

Stock graphic of man in spotlight casting mule shadow on the ground with other people in the background.

Respond and Report

If you have received solicitations of this type, do not respond to them and do not click on any links they contain. Inform your local police or the FBI.

If you believe that you are participating in a money mule scheme:

Stop communication with the suspected criminal(s).
Stop transferring money or any other items of value immediately.
Maintain any receipts, contact information, and relevant communications (emails, chats, text messages, etc.).
Notify your bank and the service you used to conduct the transaction.
Notify law enforcement. Report suspicious activity to the FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) at ic3.gov, and contact your local FBI field office.

Types of Money Mules

Unwitting or Unknowing

Individuals are unaware they are part of a larger scheme

Often solicited via an online romance scheme or job offer
Asked to use their established personal bank account or open a new account in their true name to receive money from someone they have never met in person
May be told to keep a portion of the money they transferred
Motivated by trust in the actual existence of their romance or job position

Witting

Individuals ignore obvious red flags or act willfully blind to their money movement activity

May have been warned by bank employees they were involved with fraudulent activity
Open accounts with multiple banks in their true name
May have been unwitting at first but continue communication and participation
Motivated by financial gain or an unwillingness to acknowledge their role

Complicit

Individuals are aware of their role and actively participate

Serially open bank accounts to receive money from a variety of individuals/businesses for criminal reasons
Advertise their services as a money mule, to include what actions they offer and at what prices. This may also include a review and/or rating by other criminal actors on the money mule's speed and reliability.
Travel, as directed, to different countries to open financial accounts or register companies
Operate funnel accounts to receive fraud proceeds from multiple lower level money mules
Recruit other money mules
Motivated by financial gain or loyalty to a known criminal group

Stories

Press Releases